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| Nachiyar Kovil Paavai Vilakku (lamp), vgocart.com |
Above image: Made by trained hereditary artisans (Pathaar) of Nachiyar Kovil town near Kumbakonam town, the Paavai Vilakku (damsel with the lamp) is a popular traditional bronze oil lamp of Tami Nadu and has been around for several centuries. Legend has it that sage Medhavi once did penance in this small town.
Nachiyar Kovil Paavai Vilakku (lamp), TN c1.staticflickr.com
The "Paavai Vilakku" is an artifact with a rich history and heritage dating back thousands of years. Originally crafted by artisans in Greece, historically known as Yavana Naadu, these lamps were brought to the Kingdom of Pandyas. The rulers maintained strong trade relations with Greece, and historians note a structural similarity between Madurai and Athens, which is a remarkable fact.
This cultural artifact is known by many names, such as ‘Paavai Vilakku’, ‘Kai Vilakku Eandhiya Kaarigai’, ‘Damsel with the Lamp’, ‘Deepa Lakshmi’ and ‘Vilakku Lakshmi’. It represents a traditional South Indian votive oil lamp with a lady holding the lamp with both hands.
The first set of these beautiful lamps, made of gold, were brought from Greece to be used in the Pandya Kings' palace. The original versions can still be found in temples, either as metal-based lamps or stone carvings near the sanctum, where they are well-maintained and lit even today.
The ancient model of the Paavai Vilakku was crafted based on the appearance of royal ladies. The attire, ornaments, and crowns of these royal figures can be observed in the lamp's intricate design. This lamp is particularly associated with Saivism, where Goddess Meenakshi is revered, especially in the regions of the former Pandya Kingdom. A distinguishing feature of these lamps is the parrot on the right shoulder of the lady depicted. The unique standing posture, ornaments, dress designs, and bas-relief are exquisitely crafted using the Lost Wax tradition, making it a wonderful piece of art for homes or offices.
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| Nachiyar kovil, near Kumbakonam, TN .geocities.ws/ |
The Nachiar Kovil Kutthu Vilakku: It is a symbol of divinity and ritual deeply rooted in the religious fervor of the town. This ritual takes place during the Tamil month of Margazhi (December-January) and is dedicated to the revered goddess Nachiar (Thaayar/ Lakshmi). Devotees gather at the Nachiar Kovil temple, carrying traditional lamps called Kutthu Vilakku, intricately adorned with flowers and vibrant decorations. These lamps, crafted with precision and love, hold profound symbolism and are believed to bring blessings and prosperity to the devotees.
Radiance of Kutthu Vilakku: The Kutthu Vilakku itself is a magnificent work of art, reflecting the artistic prowess of local artisans. Made of brass or bronze, these lamps feature intricate designs and embellishments, often shaped like lotus flowers, peacocks, or divine figures, representing divine energy and grace. Traditional techniques such as embossing, etching, and engraving create intricate patterns and motifs, resulting in visually stunning masterpieces embodying the spirit of devotion.
Symbolism of Light: Light in Indian culture represents purity, knowledge, and divine presence. The radiant flames of the Kutthu Vilakku are believed to dispel darkness and ignite spiritual enlightenment. As devotees carry the lamps during the ritual, the village is bathed in a warm, ethereal glow, creating a mesmerizing atmosphere that transcends the physical realm. The flickering flames illuminate the path, guiding devotees on their spiritual journey and fostering a sense of unity and devotion within the community.
Conclusion: Both the Paavai Vilakku and Nachiar Kovil Kutthu Vilakku are testaments to the rich cultural heritage and ethos of Tamil Nadu. They highlight the enduring power of traditions, the strength of community, and the boundless beauty within the cultural tapestry of the region. These artifacts and rituals not only reflect artistic excellence but also the deep-rooted spirituality and devotion that thrive in the hearts of the people.
https://cholanarts.com/paavai-vilakku.php
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 made in Nachiyar Kovil, TN owes it origin to Greece!!){kind=link}