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| Most corrupt British Robert Clive glimpsesofhistory.com |
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| British East India co's corrupt officials. www.slideshare.net |
The speech by Robert Clive to the House of Commons in 1772 is a fine document, showcasing his perspective on the British exploitation of India during his tenure and the practices that had become entrenched within the East India Company. Clive’s words provide insights into the following:
Corruption and Greed:
Clive admits that corruption was rampant among the Company’s officers in Bengal, describing how presents and bribes were normalized across all levels of the administration, from the Nawab down to junior officials. He highlights that even military and naval officers, governors, and council members were involved in this system. This candid acknowledgment reflects the depth of systemic corruption that existed during his governance.
India as a Land of Wealth:
Clive glorifies Bengal as a "paradise of the earth," emphasizing its abundance in resources, wealth, and craftsmanship. His statement about the "silver of the west and the gold of the east" flowing into Bengal illustrates the lucrative trade opportunities that British officials exploited. This cultural norm was exploited to justify extortion and enrich British officials and their associates.
Impact on Young Writers:
Clive’s speech paints a vivid picture of how young British men, often arriving penniless in India, were swiftly drawn into this cycle of greed and exploitation. Guided by wealthy local merchants (banyans), they accumulated immense fortunes through manipulative practices, leading to the infamous figure of the "Nabob" — British officials who returned to England immensely wealthy.
Moral Defense and Contradictions:
While Clive acknowledges the abuses committed under his governance, he attempts to deflect some of the blame, arguing that the system was already entrenched and suggesting that the luxury and wealth of Bengal were to blame. His rhetorical question about the conduct of returning English gentlemen seeks to portray them in a more favorable light, despite the evidence of their exploitative practices.
Historical Context:
This speech was delivered amid investigations into the East India Company's conduct following the Bengal famine of 1770, which had been exacerbated by mismanagement and profiteering. Clive faced scrutiny for his immense fortune, accumulated through dubious means. While he was acquitted of corruption, the controversy tainted his legacy and contributed to his eventual suicide in 1774.
Reflection on British Imperialism:
Clive’s words reveal the contradictions of British imperialism: the justification of exploitation under the guise of governance and reform, the greed-driven motives of Company officials, and the devastating impact on India’s economy and society. His speech underscores the systemic nature of the exploitation that defined the early phases of British colonialism in India. After acquittal from corruption charges, he committed suicide in 1774.
This document serves as a stark reminder of the devastating effects of colonialism, where the wealth and resources of a region were siphoned off to enrich foreign powers the expense of the local population.T
This speech (given 4 years before America's independence) highlights India's past affluence and healthy economy (GDP was around 23then) . When the British rule came to an end in 1947 India was in a poor state with emaciated people and a divided nation based on religion
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